Winter
WHAT TO PLANT IN JUNE
FRUIT AND VEGETABLES
Start by selecting a sunny location with well-drained soil. Prepare the soil by adding compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. Dig trenches about 12-18 inches wide and 6-8 inches deep. Place asparagus crowns (the root systems) in the trenches, spacing them about 12-18 inches apart. Cover the crowns with 2-3 inches of soil and water thoroughly.
As the asparagus plants grow, gradually fill in the trench with soil, being careful not to cover the emerging spears completely. It typically takes 2-3 years for asparagus plants to become fully established and produce a significant harvest. During this time, keep the area weed-free and water regularly. Once established, asparagus can produce for 15-20 years, providing a bountiful harvest each spring.
Prepare the Soil: Beetroot prefers light, well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant beetroot is from mid-April to July. However, in cooler climates, you can start sowing as early as March or as late as September.
Planting Method: Sow the seeds directly into the garden. Plant them 1 inch deep and 4 inches apart in rows that are 1 foot apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, especially during dry spells, to prevent the roots from becoming woody.
Harvesting: Beetroot is ready to harvest when the size of the root is between a golf ball and a tennis ball – this is usually 90 days after planting.
Remember, beetroot needs full sun (at least 4 hours of sunlight per day) to partial shade. They can tolerate frost, but young plants can be damaged by late spring frosts.
Prepare the Soil: Loosen the soil to a depth of about 8 inches and mix in compost or well-rotted manure to enrich it.
Sow the Seeds: Plant the broad bean seeds about 2 inches deep and 8 inches apart in rows. Space the rows about 18 inches apart.
Watering: Water the seeds thoroughly at planting time and keep the soil moist, but not waterlogged, as the beans germinate and grow.
Support: As the plants grow, they may need support. Place stakes at the end of the rows and run string or wire between them to help the plants stay upright.
Care: Keep the area weed-free and watch for pests. Pinch out the tops of the plants after the first pods have set to discourage blackfly and encourage further pod set.
Harvest: Broad beans are ready to harvest when the pods are well filled and the seeds inside are still tender.
Planting broccoli involves several key steps to ensure a healthy and productive crop. Start by selecting a sunny location with well-drained, fertile soil. Broccoli thrives in cool weather, so it’s best to plant seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date or directly sow them outdoors 2-4 weeks before the last frost. Transplant seedlings to the garden when they are 4-6 weeks old, spacing them about 18 inches apart in rows that are 24 inches apart.
Prepare the soil by adding compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. Broccoli prefers a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Water the plants regularly, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulching around the plants can help retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Fertilize the plants with a balanced fertilizer, following the manufacturer’s instructions. Watch for pests such as aphids, cabbage worms, and flea beetles, and take appropriate measures to control them. Harvest broccoli heads when they are firm and tight, cutting the main stem about 6 inches below the head. Side shoots will continue to produce smaller heads after the main head is harvested, extending the harvest period.
Prepare the Soil: Cabbage prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.5 and 6.8. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant cabbage is in the early spring or mid-summer for a fall harvest.
Planting Method: Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last spring frost date, or sow seeds directly into the garden when the soil can be worked. Plant them 1/2 inch deep and 12-24 inches apart in rows that are 24-36 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1-1.5 inches of water per week.
Harvesting: Cabbage is ready to harvest when the heads are firm and the base of the head is 4 to 10 inches across. This is usually 70-100 days after planting.
Soil Preparation:
Use well-drained, loose soil free of stones.
Ensure deep soil tillage to allow for proper root development.Planting:
Sow seeds 1/4 inch deep, directly in the garden.
Space seeds 2-3 inches apart in rows spaced 12 inches apart.Care:
Thin seedlings to 1-2 inches apart once they’re 2 inches tall.
Keep soil moist but not waterlogged.
Weed carefully to avoid disturbing carrot roots.Harvest:
Carrots are ready to harvest when they reach desired size, typically in about 50-75 days.
Gently loosen soil around the carrots to pull them up without breaking.
Soil Preparation:
- Choose a location with full sun.
- Prepare the soil with rich compost or well-rotted manure to ensure it is fertile and well-drained.
- Aim for a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
Planting:
- Sow seeds 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep.
- Space seedlings about 18-24 inches apart in rows 30 inches apart.
Care:
- Water consistently to keep the soil evenly moist.
- Mulch to maintain soil moisture and regulate temperature.
- Fertilize with a high-nitrogen fertilizer to promote growth.
Blanche Heads (if desired):
- When the cauliflower head is about 2-3 inches in diameter, blanch it by tying the outer leaves over the head to protect it from the sun and maintain whiteness.
Harvest:
- Harvest cauliflower when the heads are compact, white, and firm.
- Cut the head from the main stem with a sharp knife, leaving some leaves attached to protect it.
Prepare the Soil: Celery prefers rich, well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant celery is in the early spring, 10-12 weeks before the last frost.
Planting Method: Start seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before the last spring frost date. Transplant them 6 to 10 inches apart in rows that are 1 to 2 feet apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1-2 inches of water per week. Celery requires consistent moisture for optimal growth.
Harvesting: Celery is ready to harvest when the stalks are about 8 inches tall. This is usually 16-18 weeks after planting.
Prepare the Soil: Leeks prefer well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant leeks is in the early spring, about 2-3 weeks before the last frost.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden or start them indoors about 8-10 weeks before the outdoor planting date. Plant them 1 inch deep and 6 inches apart in rows that are 12-18 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1 inch of water per week.
Harvesting: Leeks are ready to harvest when the stalks are about 1 inch in diameter. This is usually 100-120 days after planting.
Remember, leeks need full sun (at least 6 hours of sunlight per day).
Soil Preparation: Choose a well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 5.5 and 7.0. Enrich the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to provide essential nutrients.
Sowing Seeds: Endive can be grown from seeds. Sow the seeds directly into the garden bed about 1/4 inch deep and 6-12 inches apart. For a continuous harvest, plant seeds every 2-3 weeks.
Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Endive requires regular watering, especially during dry periods, to ensure healthy growth.
Thinning: Once the seedlings are about 2 inches tall, thin them to about 12 inches apart to allow enough space for mature plants to develop.
Sunlight: Endive prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Ensure the plants receive at least 4-6 hours of sunlight daily.
Harvesting: Endive is typically ready to harvest 85-100 days after planting. Harvest the outer leaves as needed or cut the entire plant at the base for a full head.
Prepare the Soil: Leeks prefer well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant leeks is in the early spring, about 2-3 weeks before the last frost.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden or start them indoors about 8-10 weeks before the outdoor planting date. Plant them 1 inch deep and 6 inches apart in rows that are 12-18 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1 inch of water per week.
Harvesting: Leeks are ready to harvest when the stalks are about 1 inch in diameter. This is usually 100-120 days after planting.
Remember, leeks need full sun (at least 6 hours of sunlight per day).
Prepare the Soil: Lettuce prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant lettuce is in the early spring or fall. Avoid planting in the hot summer months.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden or start them indoors 4-6 weeks before the last spring frost date. Plant them 1/4 inch deep and 1 inch apart in rows that are 12 to 18 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1-2 inches of water per week. Lettuce requires consistent moisture for optimal growth.
Harvesting: Lettuce is ready to harvest when the leaves reach your desired size. This is usually 30-60 days after planting.
Remember, lettuce needs full sun (at least 4 hours of sunlight per day) but can tolerate partial shade. They also prefer cooler weather.
Prepare the Soil: Onions prefer well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant onions is in early spring, as soon as the ground can be worked in the spring.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden or start them indoors about 6 weeks before the outdoor planting date. Plant them 1 inch deep and 4-5 inches apart in rows that are 12-18 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1 inch of water per week.
Harvesting: Onions are ready to harvest when the tops have fallen over and turned brown. This is usually 100-120 days after planting.
Remember, onions need full sun (at least 6 hours of sunlight per day).
Soil Preparation:
- Choose a location with full sun to partial shade.
- Ensure the soil is well-drained and rich in organic matter.
- Aim for a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
Planting:
- Sow seeds 1 inch deep and 2 inches apart.
- Space rows 18-24 inches apart.
- Provide support for climbing varieties (trellis or stakes).
Care:
- Water regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged.
- Mulch to conserve moisture and control weeds.
- Avoid fertilizing with high-nitrogen fertilizers, as peas fix their own nitrogen.
Harvest:
- Harvest snap peas when the pods are plump but before they become too large.
- Harvest snow peas when the pods are still flat and the peas inside are barely visible.
1. Choose the Right Spot
Shallots prefer a sunny location with well-draining soil. Ensure the area gets at least 6 hours of sunlight daily.
2. Soil Preparation
Work the soil to a depth of about 30cm, removing weeds and rocks. Amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage.
3. Planting
Separate shallot bulbs into individual cloves. Plant them with the pointed end up, around 2.5cm deep and 15-20cm apart, in rows spaced 30cm apart.
Water the shallots gently after planting to settle the soil around the bulbs.
4. Care
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulch around the plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Fertilize with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer according to package instructions.
5. Harvest
Shallots are ready to harvest when the tops begin to yellow and fall over, typically in late summer to early autumn.
Gently lift the bulbs with a fork, clean off the soil, and let them dry in a warm, airy spot for a few weeks before storing.
Prepare the Soil: Silverbeet prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant silverbeet is in the early spring or fall. It can tolerate a light frost.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden. Plant them 1/2 inch deep and 3-6 inches apart in rows that are 18-24 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1-2 inches of water per week. Silverbeet requires consistent moisture for optimal growth.
Harvesting: Silverbeet is ready to harvest when the leaves reach your desired size. This is usually 50-60 days after planting.
Remember, silverbeet needs full sun (at least 5 hours of sunlight per day) but can tolerate partial shade. They also prefer cooler weather.
Snow peas are a delicious and nutritious addition to any garden, known for their sweet, crisp pods that can be eaten whole.
To plant snow peas, choose a sunny location with well-drained soil. Sow the seeds directly into the ground in early spring, as soon as the soil can be worked, or in late summer for a fall harvest.
Plant the seeds about 1 inch deep and 2 inches apart in rows spaced 18-24 inches apart. Snow peas thrive in cooler temperatures, so ensure they receive adequate water, especially during dry spells. Provide support, such as a trellis or stakes, for the vines to climb.
Harvest the pods when they are flat and tender, before the peas inside begin to swell. Regular picking encourages more production and extends the harvest period.
Prepare the Soil: Spinach prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant spinach is in the early spring or fall. It can tolerate a light frost.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden. Plant them 1/2 inch deep and 2-3 inches apart in rows that are 12-18 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1-1.5 inches of water per week. Spinach requires consistent moisture for optimal growth.
Harvesting: Spinach is ready to harvest when the leaves reach your desired size. This is usually 37-45 days after planting.
Remember, spinach needs full sun (at least 3-4 hours of sunlight per day) but can tolerate partial shade. They also prefer cooler weather.
Soil Preparation:
- Choose a location with full sun to partial shade.
- Ensure the soil is loose, well-drained, and free of large stones.
- Aim for a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
Planting:
- Sow seeds 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep.
- Space seeds 1 inch apart in rows 6-8 inches apart.
Care:
- Thin seedlings to 2 inches apart once they have a couple of true leaves.
- Keep the soil evenly moist to ensure rapid growth.
- Avoid over-fertilizing, especially with nitrogen-rich fertilizers.
Harvest:
- Harvest radishes when they are about 1 inch in diameter for the best flavor and texture.
- Pull the radishes gently from the soil to avoid damaging the roots.
Begin by selecting a sunny location with well-drained soil. Raspberries thrive in slightly acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5. Prepare the soil by incorporating organic matter, such as compost, to improve fertility and drainage.
Plant raspberry canes in early spring, spacing them about 2-3 feet apart in rows that are 6-8 feet apart. Dig a hole large enough to accommodate the roots, and plant the canes at the same depth they were grown in the nursery. Water thoroughly after planting.
Mulch around the plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Regular watering is crucial, especially during dry periods. Prune the canes annually to remove old, unproductive wood and encourage new growth. With proper care, your raspberry plants will produce bountiful harvests for many seasons.
HERBS
Prepare the Soil: Chives prefer well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant chives is in the spring, about 4-6 weeks before the last frost.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden or start them indoors 8-10 weeks before the last spring frost date. Plant them 1/4 inch deep and 8-10 inches apart in rows that are 12 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1 inch of water per week.
Harvesting: Chives are ready to harvest about 60 days after planting. Cut the leaves down to the base when harvesting.
Remember, chives need full sun (at least 6 hours of sunlight per day) but can tolerate partial shade.
Choosing Garlic Cloves
Select High-Quality Cloves: Opt for organic garlic bulbs from a garden center or nursery. Supermarket garlic may be treated to prevent sprouting.
Variety Matters: Choose varieties suited to Melbourne’s climate. ‘Australian White’ and ‘Italian Purple’ are popular choices.
2. Preparing the Soil
Location: Garlic prefers a sunny spot with well-drained soil.
Soil Preparation: Enrich the soil with compost or well-rotted manure a few weeks before planting. Ensure the soil pH is between 6.0 and 7.0.
Bed Preparation: Create raised beds or ensure good drainage if planting in the ground.
3. Planting
Separate Cloves: Gently break apart the garlic bulb into individual cloves. Use only the biggest cloves for planting.
Planting Depth and Spacing: Plant cloves pointy end up, 2-3 cm deep, and 15-20 cm apart. Rows should be spaced about 30 cm apart.
Watering: Water gently after planting. Ensure the soil remains moist but not waterlogged.
4. Care During Growth
Mulching: Apply a thick layer of straw mulch to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
Fertilizing: Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer or apply a liquid seaweed solution every four weeks.
Weeding: Keep the area around the garlic free of weeds without disturbing the garlic roots.
5. Harvesting
Timing: Garlic is typically ready to harvest in Melbourne around November to December when the lower leaves start to brown.
Harvesting Method: Gently lift the bulbs with a fork, being careful not to damage them.
Curing: Allow the garlic to dry in a well-ventilated, shaded area for a few weeks before storing.
Prepare the Soil: Mint prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant mint is in the spring, or in the fall in frost-free climates.
Planting Method: It’s best to start with a young plant from a nursery, as mint can be difficult to grow from seed. Plant them 18-24 inches apart in rows that are 24 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1-2 inches of water per week.
Harvesting: Mint is ready to harvest as soon as it comes up and can be harvested until the first hard freeze.
Remember, mint needs full sun to partial shade (at least 4-6 hours of sunlight per day).
Prepare the Soil: Parsley prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant parsley is in the early spring, about 2-3 weeks before the last frost.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden or start them indoors 10-12 weeks before the last spring frost date. Plant them 1/4 inch deep and 6-8 inches apart in rows that are 12-18 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1-2 inches of water per week.
Harvesting: Parsley is ready to harvest as soon as the plant has three segments. This is usually 70-90 days after planting.
Remember, parsley needs full sun to partial shade (at least 6 hours of sunlight per day).
- Choose a Sunny Location: Thyme thrives in full sun and well-drained soil.
- Prepare the Soil: Loosen the soil and mix in compost to improve fertility.
- Sow Seeds or Plant Seedlings: Plant seeds or young thyme plants spacing them about 9 inches apart.
- Water Gently: Keep the soil moist until the thyme is established.
- Mulch: Apply a light layer of mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
- Harvest: Once established, harvest thyme sprigs as needed, cutting back to encourage bushy growth.
FLOWERS
Prepare the Soil: Alyssum prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant alyssum is in the early spring, after the last frost.
Planting Method: Sow seeds directly into the garden or start them indoors 6-8 weeks before the last spring frost date. Plant them 1/4 inch deep and 6-9 inches apart in rows that are 12 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1 inch of water per week.
Harvesting: Alyssum is grown for its flowers, which can be enjoyed throughout the growing season. Deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
Remember, alyssum needs full sun to partial shade (at least 4-6 hours of sunlight per day).
Soil Preparation:
Choose a location with partial to full shade, as Cineraria prefers cooler conditions.
Ensure the soil is rich, well-drained, and maintains consistent moisture.Planting:
Sow seeds on the surface of a well-moistened soil mix, as they need light to germinate.
Do not cover the seeds with soil; just press them gently into the soil surface.
Space transplants about 12-15 inches apart to allow for mature growth.Care:
Keep the soil evenly moist but not soggy.
Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season.
Remove faded flowers to promote further blooming and maintain plant vigor.Harvest:
Cineraria is primarily grown for its showy flowers and is not typically “harvested.”
However, you can cut blooms for display in floral arrangements. Do this early in the morning and place them in water immediately.
Soil Preparation:
Choose a location with partial shade, as full sun can be too intense.
Ensure the soil is moist, well-drained, and rich in organic matter.Planting:
Scatter seeds on the soil surface or lightly cover them with a thin layer of soil (about 1/8 inch deep).
Space plants or thin seedlings to about 4-6 inches apart.Care:
Water regularly to keep the soil consistently moist.
Mulch to help retain moisture and control weeds.
Deadhead spent flowers to prevent excessive self-seeding, if desired.Harvest:
Forget-me-nots are typically grown for their charming flowers and are not harvested.
For bouquets, cut stems early in the morning when flowers are freshest.
Select a Suitable Location
Full sun to partial shade.
Well-draining soil.
Prepare the Soil
Loosen the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches.
Mix in compost or well-rotted manure for fertility.
Sow the Seeds
Scatter seeds on the soil surface.
Lightly cover with soil (about 1/4 inch deep).
Water gently but thoroughly.
Care for Seedlings
Keep the soil moist until germination.
Thin seedlings to 8-12 inches apart once they’re a few inches tall.
Choose the Right Time: Plant cyclamen corms in late summer or early fall.
Select a Suitable Location: Find a spot with well-drained soil and partial shade.
Prepare the Soil: Loosen the soil and mix in organic matter to improve drainage.
Planting Depth: Plant corms about 1-2 inches deep with the concave side facing up.
Spacing: Space corms about 6-10 inches apart.
Watering: Water lightly; cyclamen prefer to be on the drier side.
Mulching: Apply a light layer of mulch to keep the roots cool and moist.
Location: Choose a sunny spot that receives at least 6 hours of sunlight daily. Delphiniums prefer well-drained soil rich in organic matter.
Soil Preparation: Amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage. Delphiniums thrive in slightly alkaline to neutral pH soil.
Planting Time: Plant delphinium seeds or transplants in the spring after the last frost or in early fall. Space plants about 1 to 3 feet apart, depending on the variety.
Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water at the base to avoid wetting the foliage, which can lead to disease.
Support: As delphiniums grow tall, they may need staking to prevent them from toppling over. Use stakes or plant supports early in the growing season.
Fertilization: Feed delphiniums with a balanced fertilizer in the spring and again in mid-summer to encourage robust growth and flowering.
Maintenance: Deadhead spent flowers to promote continuous blooming and cut back the plants after flowering to encourage a second bloom in late summer or early fall.
Choose the Right Spot
Sunlight: English Daisies prefer a spot that receives partial shade, as too much sun can stress the plants, especially in Australia.
Soil: They thrive in rich, well-draining soil. If your garden soil is heavy or clayey, consider amending it with compost or planting in raised beds or containers.
Soil Preparation
Amend the Soil: Mix in plenty of organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to enrich the soil.
pH Level: English Daisies prefer slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0-7.0). Test your soil and adjust accordingly.
Planting
When: April is a good time to plant as the weather starts to cool, allowing the plants to establish without the stress of summer heat.
How: Sow seeds directly into the prepared soil or plant seedlings. If sowing seeds, lightly cover them with soil as they need some light to germinate. Space plants or thin seedlings to about 15-20 cm apart to allow for growth and air circulation.
Watering
Initial Watering: Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil around the roots.
Ongoing Care: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. English Daisies do not tolerate drought well.
Mulching and Feeding
Mulch: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the plants to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and keep the roots cool.
Fertilizer: Feed with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer at planting time to support growth.
Maintenance
Deadheading: Regularly remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
Pest and Disease Watch: Keep an eye out for common pests and diseases. English Daisies are generally hardy but can be susceptible to slugs and snails.
Enjoying the Blooms
Flowering Season: With proper care, your English Daisies should bloom from late winter through to spring, adding cheerful colors to your garden during cooler months.
To plant foxglove, choose a location with partial shade to full sun and well-drained soil.
Sow seeds directly in the garden in late spring or early summer, lightly covering them with soil. Keep the soil consistently moist until germination, which typically occurs in 2-3 weeks.
Thin seedlings to about 12-18 inches apart to allow for proper growth.
Foxglove plants usually form a rosette of leaves in the first year and bloom in the second year. They can self-seed, ensuring a continuous display in subsequent years. Note that all parts of the plant are toxic if ingested, so handle with care, especially around pets and children.
To plant hollyhocks, choose a sunny location with well-drained soil.
Sow seeds directly into the ground in late spring or early summer, spacing them about 18 inches apart. Lightly cover the seeds with soil and keep the area moist until germination, which typically occurs in 10-14 days.
Hollyhocks can grow up to 8 feet tall, so they may need staking for support. They thrive with regular watering and benefit from a layer of mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Deadheading spent flowers can encourage more blooms and prolong the flowering season. With proper care, hollyhocks will reward you with their stunning, towering blooms year after year.
To plant larkspur, choose a location with full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil.
Sow seeds directly into the garden in early spring or fall, as they require a period of cold stratification to germinate. Space the seeds about 12 inches apart and cover them lightly with soil.
Water regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged.
Larkspur is relatively low-maintenance and can add a stunning vertical element to your garden. Be cautious, as all parts of the plant are toxic if ingested.
Prepare the Soil: Lobelia prefers well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 5.5 and 7.5. Add compost or well-rotted manure to improve soil fertility.
Planting Time: The best time to plant lobelia is in the early spring, after the last frost.
Planting Method: Start seeds indoors 10-12 weeks before the last spring frost date, or buy young plants from a nursery. Transplant them 4-6 inches apart in rows that are 12 inches apart.
Watering: Water the plants thoroughly after planting. Then, water regularly, giving the plants 1 inch of water per week.
Harvesting: Lobelia is grown for its flowers, which can be enjoyed from late spring to the first frost. Deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
Remember, lobelia needs full sun to partial shade (at least 4-6 hours of sunlight per day).
Soil Preparation:
Choose a sunny spot with well-drained soil.
Lupins prefer slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0-7.0).
Avoid heavy, wet soils as lupins do not tolerate waterlogged conditions.
Planting:
Soak seeds overnight to soften the hard seed coat, or nick the seeds with a file.
Plant seeds about 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep.
Space seeds or seedlings 12-18 inches apart to give each plant room to grow.
Care:
Water plants regularly, but be careful not to overwater.
Apply a layer of mulch to retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.
Fertilize sparingly; lupins fix their own nitrogen and excessive fertilizer can encourage leaf growth over flower production.
Pest and Disease Management:
Keep an eye out for slugs and snails, especially on young plants.
Practice good air circulation around plants to prevent fungal diseases.
Harvest:
Lupins are primarily grown for their showy flower spikes and are not typically harvested.
If desired, cut flower spikes for arrangements when the lower third of the flowers on the spike have opened.t.
Ideal for garden beds, borders, and containers, Nemesia thrives in well-drained soil and full sun to partial shade.
To plant Nemesia, start by selecting a location with good air circulation and prepare the soil by mixing in compost to enhance fertility.
Sow seeds or transplant seedlings after the last frost date, spacing them about 6-12 inches apart.
Water regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, and deadhead spent flowers to encourage continuous blooming.
With proper care, Nemesia will reward you with a stunning display of flowers from late spring through fall.
Soil Preparation:
Choose a location with full sun to partial shade.
Ensure the soil is rich, well-drained, and has a pH of 6.0 to 6.5.Planting:
Sow seeds lightly covered with soil, as they require darkness to germinate.
Space seedlings or plants about 6-8 inches apart.Care:
Water regularly to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged.
Deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
Apply a general-purpose fertilizer every 4-6 weeks.Harvest:
Pansies are grown for their colorful flowers and can be picked for small bouquets.
Cut flowers early in the morning when they are freshest.
Choose the Right Location: Polyanthus thrives in partial shade but can tolerate full sun in cooler climates. Ensure the soil is well-draining and rich in organic matter.
Soil Preparation: Work the soil to a depth of about 12 inches and mix in compost or well-rotted manure to enrich it.
Planting: Plant polyanthus in the fall or early spring. Space the plants about 6-12 inches apart to allow for growth and air circulation. Plant them at the same depth they were in their pots.
Watering: Water thoroughly after planting and maintain consistent moisture, especially during dry spells.
Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Choose a Location: Poppies need full sun and well-draining soil.
Prepare the Soil: Loosen the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches and mix in compost if needed.
Sow Seeds: Scatter seeds thinly over the soil surface in spring or fall. Do not cover them, as they need light to germinate.
Water Gently: Mist the area to keep it moist until germination, which usually takes 10-15 days.
Thin Seedlings: Once seedlings are a few inches tall, thin them to stand 6-8 inches apart.
Care and Maintenance: Water during extended dry periods and deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
Soil Preparation:
Choose a location with partial shade, as primulas prefer cooler conditions.
Ensure the soil is rich, moist, and well-drained with a slightly acidic to neutral pH.Planting:
Sow seeds on the surface of a moist seed-starting mix, as they need light to germinate.
Do not cover the seeds with soil; just press them gently into the surface.
Space plants about 6-12 inches apart, depending on the variety.Care:
Keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy.
Mulch around the plants to help retain soil moisture and keep roots cool.
Deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.Harvest:
Primulas are primarily grown for their vibrant flowers and are not typically harvested.
If desired, you can cut flowers for indoor arrangements. Do this early in the morning when the blooms are most hydrated.
Choose the Right Time: Plant ranunculus corms in the fall in warmer climates (zones 8-11) or in early spring in cooler areas (zones 4-7).
Prepare the Soil: Ranunculus thrive in well-draining soil rich in organic matter. Amend the soil with compost to improve fertility and drainage.
Soak the Corms: Before planting, soak the corms in water for 3-4 hours to rehydrate them, which helps in quicker sprouting.
Planting Depth and Spacing: Plant the corms 2 inches deep with the “claw” side down. Space them about 4-6 inches apart to allow for growth.
Watering: Water the corms thoroughly after planting. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged during the growing season.
Sunlight: Ranunculus prefer full sun, so choose a planting site that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily.
Care and Maintenance: As the plants grow, provide support if needed to prevent the stems from bending. Deadhead spent blooms to encourage continuous flowering.
Frost Protection: In cooler climates, protect the plants from frost by using mulch or frost cloths.
1. Choose a Location
Select a spot with full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil.
2. Prepare the Soil
Till the soil to a depth of 6-8 inches and mix in compost or a balanced fertilizer.
3. Sow Seeds or Plant Seedlings
For seeds:
Sow directly in the ground after the last frost.
Plant seeds 1/8 inch deep and space them 6-12 inches apart.
For seedlings:
Gently remove the plant from its container.
Dig a hole twice the size of the root ball.
Place the plant in the hole and fill it with soil.
4. Water Regularly
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Choose a Location: Stock flowers thrive in full sun to partial shade. Ensure the soil is well-draining and rich in organic matter.
Prepare the Soil: Loosen the soil and mix in compost or a balanced fertilizer to enrich nutrient content.
Sowing Seeds: Plant seeds directly in the ground in spring or start indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost. Cover lightly with soil, as they need light to germinate.
Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Spacing: Space plants about 6 to 12 inches apart to allow for growth and air circulation.
Care: Fertilize every few weeks and deadhead spent blooms to encourage more flowers.
Soil Preparation:
Choose a location with full sun to partial shade.
Ensure the soil is well-drained, rich in organic matter, and has a pH of 6.0 to 7.0.
Planting:
Sow seeds on the soil surface or cover lightly with a fine layer of soil, as they need light to germinate.
Space plants about 6-8 inches apart.
Care:
Water regularly to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
Deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms.
Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.
Harvest:
Violas are grown for their cheerful flowers and can be picked for small bouquets.
Harvest flowers in the morning when they are freshest for the longest vase life.
